Autoestima y procrastinación en el ámbito académico: un meta-análisis

Sergio Hidalgo-Fuentes; Isabel Martínez-Álvarez; María Josefa Sospedra-Baeza

doi:10.12795/revistafuentes.2022.19907

Autores/as

Sergio Hidalgo-Fuentes Universidad de Valencia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-4986
Isabel Martínez-Álvarez Universidad a Distancia de Madrid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-4072
María Josefa Sospedra-Baeza Universidad de Valencia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12795/revistafuentes.2022.19907

Palabras clave:

Educación, respeto de sí mismo, estudio bibliográfico, enseñanza secundaria, enseñanza superior, procrastinación, diferencia individual, personalidad

Resumen

La procrastinación es un comportamiento común en el ámbito académico asociado a diversas consecuencias negativas. La autoestima, entendida como una actitud global hacia uno mismo, es una de las variables que se ha asociado con la procrastinación académica. El objetivo del presente trabajo es examinar mediante técnicas meta-analíticas la relación entre la autoestima y la procrastinación en estudiantes. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PsycInfo, Scopus y PubMed de la investigación sobre las variables de interés publicada desde el año 2000. Se analizaron un total de 35 estudios independientes pertenecientes a 33 artículos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. La muestra total estaba compuesta por 13,233 participantes. Los resultados muestran una relación negativa de intensidad media entre la autoestima y la procrastinación en estudiantes, por lo que aquellos estudiantes que muestran una menor autoestima presentan una mayor procrastinación. Los análisis de meta-regresión mostraron que la edad media y el sexo no son variables moderadoras estadísticamente significativas; mientras que el análisis de subgrupos tampoco muestra que el nivel educativo modere el tamaño del efecto. No se aprecia la presencia de sesgo de publicación. Se comentan las implicaciones y las limitaciones del trabajo. Se señala la pertenencia de implementar programas para aumentar la autoestima de los estudiantes.

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