How does Emotional Salary Influence Job Satisfaction? A Construct to be Explored

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12795/anduli.2023.i23.04

Palabras clave:

satisfacción, salario emocional, motivación, capital humano, competitividad

Resumen

The objective of this research is to explore the empirical link between the dimensions of emotional salary and job satisfaction in the time of COVID-19, statistical studies of which are quite scarce in the environment of emerging markets. To address this gap in the literature, a survey of 190 executives of companies in Costa Rica was done during the first half of 2021. This analysis uses a multiple hierarchical model and structural equations to empirically demonstrate that the creation of value dimension, the strategic dimension, the motivational dimension and the human dimension of the emotional salary construct of Quintero and Betancur affect the job satisfaction dimension of Costa Rica's human capital. The results show that there is a significant relationship between each of the aforementioned dimensions of emotional salary and the dimension of job satisfaction.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Métricas

Cargando métricas ...

Biografía del autor/a

Gustavo Díaz-García, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica TEC

Gustavo Díaz-García. Doctoral Student in Business Management, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica TEC. Professor at the School of Administration, Social Sciences Faculty, Universidad Nacional UNA. Costa Rica.

David Almorza-Gomar, Universidad de Cádiz, España

David Almorza-Gomar. Profesor en el Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas. Universidad de Cádiz UCA. España.

Gerson González-Arrieta, Universidad de Costa Rica

Gerson González-Arrieta. Profesor en la Escuela de Estadística. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad de Costa Rica UCR. Costa Rica. 

Citas

Ahmad, A. (2017). Prevalence and predictors of occupational stress among quarry workers in rural Rajasthan, India. Journal of Public Mental Health, 16 (4), 132-143. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPMH-03-2017-0008

Anderson, R. T., Camacho, F. T., & Balkrishnan, R. (2007). Willing to wait?: the influence of patient wait time on satisfaction with primary care. BMC health services research, 7 (31), 7-31. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963

Bernal, C. (2016). Metodología de la Investigación para Administración, Economía, Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Pearson Educación.

Binzafrah, F., & Taleedi, F. (2022). The effect of business intelligence practices on job satisfaction in the Saudi Electricity Company in the Asir Region. Journal of Money and Business, 2 (1), 107-131. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMB-03-2022-0011

Bollen, K. A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. John Wiley a Sons.

Cai, L., Shumaila, N., Muhammad, A., Basil, K., & Majid, M. (2019). An empirical investigation on the relationship between a high-performance work system and employee performance: measuring a mediation model through partial least squares–structural equation modeling.Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 12 (1), 397-416. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S195533

Cassar L. Meier S., & Gorman J. P. (2018). Nonmonetary Incentives and the Implications of Work as a Source of Meaning. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 32 (3), 215–238. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.32.3

Castillo, O.E. Pardo, N.A., Pérez-Uribe R., & Ortiz-Novoa, R.L. (2017). Salario emocional y satisfacción laboral.Universidad EAN. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.27795.58409.

Cherif, F. (2020). The role of human Resource management practices and employee job satisfaction in predicting Organizational commitment in Saudi Arabian banking sector.International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 40 (7), 529-541. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-10-2019-0216

Chih-Hui, H. Chia-Hsuan, C., Shih-Shuo, Y. &, Tzung-Cheng H. (2022). Smiling for tips? Will restaurant servers actions affect customers emotional contagion and tipping behavior? Tourism Review, 1(1), 1-22.https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-09-2021-0441

Chiang-Vega, M. Riquelme-Neira, G., & Rivas-Escobar, P. (2018). Relationship between job satisfaction, work stress and its results in workers of a charity institution of the Province of Concepción. Ciencia y Trabajo, 20 (63), 178-186. http://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492018000300178

Colaco, B., & Loi, N.M., (2019). Investigating the relationship between perception of an organisation’s ethical culture and worker motivation.International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 27 (5), 1392-1408.

Collings, D.G. & Isichei, M. (2018). The shifting boundaries of global staffing: integrating global talent management, alternative forms of international assignments and non-employees into the discussion. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29 (1), 165-187.

Cuesta-Santos, A. (2016). Compromiso y gestión humana en la empresa. Universitas Psychologica, 15 (2), 287-299. http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/rups/v15n2/v15n2a23.pdf

Ellström, D., Holtström, J., Berg, E., & Josefsson, C. (2022). Dynamic capabilities for digital transformation, Journal of Strategy and Management, 15(2), 272-286. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-04-2021-0089

Elrehail, H. Harazneh, I. Abuhjeeleh, M. Alzghoul, A. Sakher, A. Hussein, M., & Ibrahim, H. (2019). Employee satisfaction, human resource management practices and competitive advantage. The case of Northern Cyprus. European Journal of Management and Business Economics, 29 (2), 125-149. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJMBE-01-2019-0001

Errichiello, L., & Pianese Tommasina. (2019). Toward a theory on workplaces for smart workers. Facilities, 38 (3) 298-315. https://doi.org/10.1108/F-11-2018-0137.

Escobedo-Portillo, M.T., Hernández-Gómez, V.E., & Martínez-Moreno, G. (2016). Modelos de ecuaciones estructurales: características, fases, construcción, aplicación y resultados. Ciencia y Trabajo, 18 (55), 16-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492016000100004

Espinosa, A.K., & Toscano, J.A. Salario Emocional una solución alternativa para la mejora del rendimiento laboral. Revista Nova Rua, 12 (20). 72-89. https://doi.org/10.20983/novarua.2020.20.5

Evans, J. R., & Mathur, A. (2005). The value of online surveys. Internet Research, 15 (2), 195-219. https://doi.org/10.1108/10662240510590360

Faiza, M., Wei, L., Bányai, T., Nurunnabi, M., & Subhan, Q.A. (2019). An examination of sustainable HRM practices on Job Performance: an application of training as a moderator, Sustainability, 11 (1), 2263, https://doi: 10.3390/su11082263.

Foncubierta-Rodríguez, M.J., Ravina-Ripoll, R., Ahumada-Tello, E., & Tobar-Pesántez, L. (2020). Are spanish public employees happier in their work performance in the industry 4.0 era? Polish Journal of Management Studies, 22 (1), 103-116. https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2020.22.1.07

Fornell, C. y Larcker, DF (1981). Evaluación de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales con variables no observables y error de medida. Revista de Investigación de Mercados, 18 (1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312

Fornell, C., & Cha, J. (1994). Partial Least Squares. In R. P. Bagozzi (Eds.). Advanced methods of marketing research (pp.52-78).

Frankort, H. T.W., & Avgoustaki, A. (2021). Beyond reward expectancy: how do periodic incentive payments influence the temporal dynamics of performance? Journal of Management 20 (10), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063211016032

Galván-Vela, E., Ravina-Ripoll, R. & Tobar-Pesántez, L. (2021). A structural equations model of job disengagement from the constructs of organisational justice, job satisfaction, innovation and trust in the era of industry 5.0. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 24 (1), 1-12.https://doi.org/1544-0044-24-S1-108

Garay-Rondero, C.L., Martínez-Flores, J.L., Smith, N.R., Caballero-Morales, S.O., & Aldrette-Malacara, A. (2020). Digital supply chain model in Industry 4.0.Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 31(5), 887-933. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-08-2018-0280

Gay-Puyal, F. (2006). El salario emocional, clave para reducir el estrés. Gestión práctica de riesgos laborales: Integración y desarrollo de la gestión de la prevención, 1 (33), 44-47. http://pdfs.wke.es/8/5/5/6/pd0000018556.pdf

Gil-Vera, V. Betancur, J. D. Quintero, L.F. Puerta-Lópera, I.C. Quintero-López, C., & Javier, S. (2019). Development of an Emotional Salary Model: a Case of Application. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 12 (42), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2019/v12i42/146964.

Gómez-Garbero, L. Labarthe, J. Ferreira-Umpiérrez, A., & Chiminelli-Tomás V. (2019). Evaluación del Engagement en trabajadores de la salud en Uruguay a través de la escala Utrecht de engagement en el trabajo, Ciencias Psicológicas, 13 (2) 305-316. https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v13i2.1888.

Great Place to Work. (2021). Fortune World´s Best Workplaces. GPT Press.

Hackman, JR., & Lawler, EE (1971). Reacciones de los empleados a las características del trabajo. Revista de psicología aplicada, 55 (3), 259-286. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031152

Hair, J.F. (2009).Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective. Upper Saddle River. Prentice Hall.

Haque, F. (2017). The effects of board characteristics and sustainable compensation policy on carbon performance of UK firms. The British Accounting Review, 49 (3), 347-364. https://doi.org/0.1016/j.bar.2017.01.001.

Hsingkuang, C. Hueryren, Y. Tingwei, G. (2018). Salary or job interest? How salary and job interest moderates the willingness to apply for a job. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 10 (1), 64-78. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-09-2017-0086

Hu L., & Bentler P.M. (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives, Structural Equation Modeling, A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6 (1), 1-55, https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118

Ibarra-Morales, L.E., Blanco-Jimenez, M., & Hurtado-Bringas, B.A. (2020), Internationalization of industrial small-medium enterprises in an emerging country, Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, 33(1), 71-94. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARLA-10-2018-0223

Inayat, W., & Jahanzeb, J.K. (2021). Study of Job Satisfaction and Its Effect on the Performance of Employees Working in Private Sector Organizations, Peshawar. Education Reserch International, 2021 (1) 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1751495

Jawaad, M., Amir, A., Bashir A., & Hasan T. (2019). Human resource practices and organizational commitment: The mediating role of job satisfaction in emerging economy, Cogent Business & Management, 6 (1), 1-22 https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2019.1608668

Kosfeld, M. Neckermann, S., & Xiolan, Y. (2017). The Effects of Financial and Recognition Incentives across Work Contexts: The Role of Meaning. Economic Inquiry 55 (1), 237–247. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12350

Kuvaas, B., Buch, R., Weibel, A., Dysvik, A., & Nerstad, C.G.L. (2017). Do intrinsic and extrinsic motivation relate differently to employee outcomes? Journal of Economic Psychology, 61 (1), 244-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2017.05.004

Lawler, E., & Hackman, JR. (1971). Corporate Profits and Employee Satisfaction: Must They Be in Conflict? California Management Review, 14 (1),46-55. https://doi.org/10.2307/41164365.

Lee, M.J., Petrovsky, N., Walker R.M. (2021). Public-private differences in incentive structures: a laboratory experiment on work motivation and performance. International Public Management Journal, 24 (2) 183-202, https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2020.1856246

Lévy J. P. (2003). Modelización y análisis con ecuaciones estructurales. Análisis Multivariante para las Ciencias Sociales. Prentice Hall.

Lin, Y. (2020). A study on the relationship between project management competency, job performance and job motivation in e-commerce industry.Measuring Business Excellence, 25 (1), 24-57. https://doi.org/10.1108/MBE-10-2020-0144

Madera, J.M., Dawson,M., Guchait, P., & Belarmino, A.M. (2017). Strategic human resources managementresearch in hospitality and tourism: a review of current literature and suggestions for the future. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(1), pp. 48-67.https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-02-2016-0051.

Magnusson, J., Elliot, V., & Hagberg, J. (2021). Digital transformation: why companies resist what they need for sustained performance. Journal of Business Strategy, https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-02-2021-0018

Marshall, C. (2020). Analysis of a comprehensive wellness program´s impact on job satisfaction in the workplace. International Hospitality Review, 34 (2), 221-241. https://doi.org/10.1108/IHR-05-2020-0014

Matt, D.T., Molinaro, M., Orzes, G., & Pedrini, G. (2021). The role of innovation ecosystems in Industry 4.0 adoption. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 32(9), 369-395. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-04-2021-0119

Meemken, E.M., Sellare, J., Kouame, C.N., & Qaim, M. (2019). Effects of fairtrade on the livelihoods of poor rural workers. Nature Sustainability, 2 (7), 635-642.

Melo-Martínez, C., Prieto-Cagua, N.Y., & Tarazona-Gomez, Y.C. (2018). Cornisa: Modelo de salario emocional para Cardiocolombia. SAS, 1 (1), 1-35 https://bit.ly/2ZdR66U.

Montalvo-Poveda, M.E. (2018). Salario emocional y rotación de personal en la empresa Consulting and Tax. Universidad Central del Ecuador. https://bit.ly/3d5vW34.

Nederhof, A. J. (1985). Methods of coping with social desirability bias: A review. European Journal of Social Psychology, 15 (3), 263-280. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2420150303

Núñez-Barriopedro, E., Cuesta-Valiño, P., Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, P., Ravina-Ripoll, R. (2021). How Does Happiness Influence the Loyalty of Karate Athletes? A Model of Structural Equations From the Constructs: Consumer Satisfaction, Engagement, and Meaningful. Frontiers in Psychology, 12 (1), https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.653034

Obermayer, N., Csizmadia, T., & Hargitai, D.M. (2022). Influence of Industry 4.0 technologies on corporate operation and performance management from human aspects, Meditari Accountancy Research, ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR-02-2021-1214

Ong, C.H., & Koh, R.J. (2018). The influence of human resources management practices on employeeperformance in the manufacturing sector in Malaysia, International Journal of HumanResources Studies, 8(2),129-147.

Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico. (2018). Estudios económicos de la OCDE, Costa Rica.OCDE.

Petit, H. (2019). Empresas comprometidas con el salario emocional de sus colaboradores en el sector minero de Colombia. Consensus, 3 (1), 3-23. http://www.pragmatika.cl/review/index.php/consensus/article/view/29/38

Poveda-Burgos, G. Suraty-Molestina, M., & Mackay-Castro, R. (2017). Concepción e importancia del salario emocional en las organizaciones privadas con fines de lucro. V Congreso Virtual Internacional sobre Transformación e innovación en las organizaciones.

Prakash, K. (2017). Issue of organizational commitment: evidence from Nepalese banking industry.Management Dynamics, 20 (1), 119-129.

Price, J.H., & Murnan, J. (2004). Research Limitations and the Necessity of Reporting Them. American Journal of Health Education, 35 (1), 66-67.

Quintero-Arango, L. F., & Betancur-Arias, J. D. (2018). Salary model for the loyalty of employees in the search for a competitive organization. Revista Espacios, 39 (41), 8-14. http://www.revistaespacios.com/a18v39n41/a18v39n41p08.pdf

Quintero-Arango, L. F., & Betancur-Arias, J. D. (2021). Factores para el diseño de políticas de salario emocional. Fondo Editorial Universidad Católica Luis Amigó. https://www.funlam.edu.co/uploads/fondoeditorial/660_Factores_para_el_diseno_de_politicas_de_salario_emocional.pdf

Ravina-Ripoll, R., Foncubierta-Rodríguez, M.J., & Sánchez, J.A. (2021). Certification Happiness Management: an integral instrument for human resources management in post-COVID-19 era. International Journal of Business Environment, 12 (1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBE.2021.116606.

Ravina-Ripoll, R., Tobar-Pasantez L.B., Núñez-Barriopedro, E. (2019). Happiness management and creativity in the XXI century: intangible capitals as a source of innovation, competitiveness and sustainable development. Editorial Comares.

Ravina-Ripoll, R.,Romero-Rodríguez, L., & Ahumada-Tello, E. (2022). Workplace happiness as a trinomial of organizational climate, academic satisfaction and organizational engagement. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 22 (3), 474-490. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-12-2020-0532

Rocco, M. (2009). Satisfacción Laboral y Salario Emocional: Una aproximación teórica. Universidad de Chile. Recuperado de: http://repositorio.uchile.cl/tesis/uchile/2009/cs-rocco_m/pdfAmont/cs-rocco_m.pdf

Rožman, M.; Zabukovšek, S.S.; Bobek, S.; Tominc, P. Gender Differences in Work Satisfaction, Work Engagement and Work Efficiency of Employees during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case in Slovenia. Sustainability 13 (8791), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13168791

Salessi, S., & Omar, A. (2016). Generic Job Satisfaction Scale: Psychometric Qualities of the Version Adapted to Portuguese. Revista Avaliação Psicológica. 19 (1), 361-370. https://doi.org/10.15689/ap.2020.1904.15804.02.

Salvador-Moreno, J.E., Torrens-Pérez, M. E., Vega-Falcón, V., & Noroña-Salcedo, D.R. (2021). Diseño y validación de instrumento para la inserción del salario emocional ante la COVID-19. Retos Revista de Ciencias de la Administración y Economía, 11 (21), 41-52. https://doi.org/10.17163/ret.n21.2021.03

Schmidt, W. C. (1997). World-Wide Web survey research: Benefits, potential problems, and solutions. Behavior research methods, instruments, and computers, 29 (2), 274-279. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03204826

Shrotryia, V.K.; & Dhanda, U. (2019). Content validity of assessment instrument for employee engagement, Sage Open, 9 (1), 2158-2440 https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018821751

Siqueira, M.M.M. (2008). Medidas do Comportamento Organizacional: ferramentas de diagnóstico e de gestão. Artmed, Porto Alegre. Research, 14 (2), 95-105.

Skelton, A.R. Nattress, D., & Dwyer, R. J. (2018). Predicting manufacturing employee turnover intentions. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, 25 (49), 101-117. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEFAS-07-2018-0069

Soderlund, M., Oikarinen, E.L., & Tan, T.M. (2021). The happy virtual agent and its impact on the human customer in the service encounter. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 59 (1), 102-401, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102401.

Stefanovska-Petkovska, M., Petrovska, I., Bojadziev, M., Schaffer, I., & Tomovska-Misoska, A. (2019). The effects of organizational culture and dimensions on job satisfaction and work-life Balance. Montenegrin Journal of Economics, 15 (1), 99-112. https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2019.15-1.8

Sushmita, S, Singh, S.K., & Shashi S. (2020). Relational exploration of the effect of work-related scheme on job Satisfaction. Journal of Management, 17(1), 111-128. https://doi.org/10.1108/XJM-07-2020-0019

Springer, G.J. (2011). A study of job motivation, satisfaction, and performance among bank employees. The Journal of Global Business Issues, 5 (1), 29-42.

Tarigan, J. Cahya, J. Valentine, A. Hatane, S., & Jie F. (2021). Total reward system, job satisfaction and employee productivity on company financial performance: evidence from Indonesian generation z workers. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 17 (3), 689-709. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-04-2021-0154

Terry, R.P. McGee, J.E. Kass, M.J., & Collings, D.G. (2022). Assessing star value: the influence of prior performance and visibility on compensation strategy.Human Resource Management Journal, 1 (1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12446

Thompson, C.G., & Gregory J.B. (2012). Managing Millennials: a framework for improving attraction, motivation, and retention. The Psychologist-Manager Journal, 15 (4), 237-246.

Uma, S.M., & Madhusmita, D. (2017).Impact of hrm practices on job satisfaction and performance: an empirical study in health care sector.International Journal of Economic, 14 (2), 95-105. https://serialsjournals.com/abstract/65593_9.pdf

Valk, R., & Yousif, L. (2020). Going beyond to deliver hip hospitality: exploring motivation and job satisfaction of hospitality workers in Dubai. International Journal of Organizational Analysis. ahead-of-print.https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-12-2020-2517

Velte, P. (2019). Do CEO incentives and characteristics influence Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and vice versa? A literature review. Social Responsibility Journal, 16 (1), 1293-1323. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-04-2019-0145.

Weisz, F. V. Jones, M. Berry, Y., & Eidenfalk, J. (2020). Motivating workers: how leaders apply self-determination theory in organizations. Organization Management Journal, 18 (2), 76-94. https://doi.org/10.1108/OMJ-03-2020-0891

Wojcik, J. (2012). Health, happiness, job satisfaction. Business Insurance Journal, 46 (21), 12-22.

Wright, D. (2010). A healthy workforce is good for business.Employee Benefits, 28 (20), 1-20.

Yeol-Kim, T., Gilbreath, B., David, E.M., & Pyo, K.S. (2018). Self-verification striving and employee outcomes. The mediating effects of emotional labor of South Korean employees. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31 (7), 2845-2861. https://www.ceibs.edu/new-papers-columns/self-verification-striving-and-employee-outcomes-effects-emotional-labour-south.

Young, L., & Gavade, S. (2018). Translating emotional insights from hospitality employees’ comments: Using sentiment analysis to understand job satisfaction. International Hospitality Review. 32(1), 75-92. https://doi.org/10.1108/IHR-08-2018-0007.

Publicado

2023-01-04

Cómo citar

Díaz-García, G., Almorza-Gomar, D., & González-Arrieta, G. (2023). How does Emotional Salary Influence Job Satisfaction? A Construct to be Explored. ANDULI. Revista Andaluza De Ciencias Sociales, (23), 57–82. https://doi.org/10.12795/anduli.2023.i23.04
Visualizaciones
  • Resumen 530
  • PDF (English) 599
  • HTML (English) 121