R&D projects as instruments for enhancing gender equality in Universities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12795/anduli.2019.i18.09Palabras clave:
gender balance, university, R&D projects, project management, RomaniaResumen
Gender equality, enshrined in European treaties, is one of the fundamental values of the European Union. It is a focal point in today’s value systems as well as national, sectorial and organizational policies, and it is also a recurrent theme thoroughly used in current parenting and education strategies. Given that higher education institutions (HEIs) and research centers are considered, in general, to be entities that lead the way in many aspects of our lives, they also represent the focus of our investigation of ‘gender balance’. In this paper we look at the Romanian HEIs to determine the level of gender balance in Romanian HEIs in general, and then we concentrate our attention on the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași (UAIC) as a representative case study for the Romanian HEIs. Finally, we highlight the role that research and development projects may play in promoting gender balance at UAIC. In this regard, the paper employs a multi method approach based on quantitative analyses and interviews. The results reveal that women are well represented in academic and research positions both within the Romanian HEIs and in the UACI with two exceptions: full professor rankand R&D project manager, these being dominated, in general, by men.Descargas
Métricas
Citas
Alpay, E. Hari, A., Kambouri, M., & Ahearn, A. L. (2010). Gender issues in the university research environment. European Journal of Engineering Education, 35 (2), pp. 135-145. DOI: 10.1080/03043790903497302
Bagilhole, B. (2000). Too Little Too Late? An Assessment of National Initiatives for Women Academics in the British University System. Higher Education in Europe, 25 (2), pp. 139-145.
Bagilhole, B. (2002). Academia and the reproduction of unequal opportunities for women. Science Studies, 15 (1), pp.46-60.
Beaman, L., Chattopadhyay, R., Duflo, E., Pande, R., & Topalova, P. (2009). Powerful Women: Does Exposure Reduce Bias?. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 124 (4), pp. 1497-1540. DOI: 10.1162/qjec.2009.124.4.1497
Benschop, Y., & Margo, B. (2003). Crumbling Ivory Towers: Academic Organizing and its Gender Effects. Gender, Work & Organization, 10 (2), pp. 194-212. DOI: 10.1111/1468-0432.t01-1-00011
Calvert Impact Capital (2018). Just Good Investing. Why gender matters to your portfolio and what you can do about it. Retrieved from https://www.calvertimpactcapital.org/storage/documents/calvert-impact-capital-gender-report.pdf
Carrington, K., & Pratt, A. (2003). How Far Have We Come? Gender Disparities in the Australian Higher Education System. Information and Research Services, Department of the Parliamentary Library, Current Issues Brief No. 31 2002–03.
Committee for Mainstreaming – Women in Science in Norway (2008). Gender balance in academia – golden opportunities: final report 2004-2007. Retrieved from http://eng.kifinfo.no/binfil/download.php?did=6086.
Doherty, L., & Manfredi, S. (2006). Women’s progression to senior positions in English universities. Employee Relations, 28 (6), pp. 553-572.
Equileap (2018). Accelerating progress towards gender equality in the workplace. Retrieved from https://equileap.org/.
European Commission (2012a). Communication on ‘A Reinforced European Research Area Partnership for Excellence and Growth’, COM 392 final, Brussels. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/transparency/regdoc/rep/1/2012/EN/1-2012-392-EN-F1-1.Pdf
European Commission (2012b). A Reinforced European Research Area Partnership for Excellence and Growth. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/research/era/pdf/era-communication/era-communication_en.pdf
European Commission (2013). Regulation (EU) no 1291/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013 establishing Horizon 2020 - the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2014-2020) and repealing Decision No 1982/2006/EC. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/legal_basis/fp/h2020-eu-establact_en.pdf
European Commission (2016). She Figures 2015. Retrieved from https://data.europa.eu/
euodp/data/dataset/she-figures-2015-gender-in-research-and-innovation
European Commission (2018). 2018 Report on equality between women and men in the EU, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
European Commission (2019). She Figures 2018. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/info/publications/she-figures-handbook-2018
European Communities (2005). The European Charter for Researchers. The Code of Conduct for the Recruitment of Researchers, Luxembourg.
European Institute for Gender Equality - EIGE (2016). Gender Equality in Academia and research. GEAR tool. Vilnius: European Institute for Gender Equality. Retrieved from https://eige.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2016.5791_eige_gender_equality_in_academia.pdf
European Parliament (2018). Fact sheets on the European Union: Equality between men and women, Brussels. Retrieved from www.europarl.europa.eu/ftu/pdf/en/FTU_2.3.8.pdf
Ghani, E., Mani, A., & O'Connell, S.D. (2013). Can Political Empowerment Help Economic Empowerment- Women Leaders and Female Labor Force Participation in India. World bank policy research working paper No. 6675
Holman, L., Stuart-Fox, D., & Hauser, C. E. (2018). The gender gap in science: How long until women are equally represented?. PLoS Biol, 16 (4). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2004956
Jaba, E., Chirianu, I.-A., Balan, C. B., Robu, I.-B., Roman, M. D. (2016). The analysis of the effect of women’s participation in the labor market on fertility in European Union countries using welfare state models. Economic computation and economic cybernetics studies and research, 50(1), pp. 69-84.
Kifinfo (2018). Committee for Gender Balance and Diversity in Research (KIF) 2018-2021. Retrieved from http://kifinfo.no/en/content/committee-gender-balance-and-diversity-research-kif-0
Kovacheva, S. & Kabaivanov, S. (2016). Differences and Inequalities in Civic Participation among Bulgarian Youth. Sociology and Anthropology, 4(4), pp. 228-240. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/sa.2016.040405
Lovenduski, J. (2012). Feminising British Politics. The Political Quarterly, 83 (4), pp. 697-702.
Lovenduski, J., & Norris, P. (2003). Westminster Women: The Politics of Presence. Political Studies, 51 (1), pp. 84-102.
Macarie, F., & Moldovan, O. (2012). Are Universities Role Models for Communities? A Gender Perspective. Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, Special Issue, pp. 81-97.
McKinsey & Company (2013). Women Matter 2013. Retrieved from http://www.gbaforwomen.org/download/women-matter-2013/
McTavish, D., & Thomson, E. (2007). Managing Scottish higher and further education. Public Management Review, 9 (3), pp. 421-433.
Miller, D. I., Eagly, A. H., & Linn, M. C. (2015). Berkeley Women’s Representation in Science Predicts National Gender-Science Stereotypes: Evidence From 66 Nations. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107 (3), pp. 631-644.
Munshi, K., & Rosensweig, R. (2008). The Efficacy of Parochial Politics: Caste, Commitment, and Competence in Indian Local Governments. Center Discussion Paper No. 964. Economic Growth Center, Yale University. Retrieved from http://www.econ.yale.edu/growth_pdf/cdp964.pdf.
Mutu, A. (2017). Gender Activism in the Higher Education Sector. Forum Gender and Intersectional Activism: Coalition-Building for a More Tolerant Society, organized by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR), Barcelona. 21-23 June, 2017.
Nielsen, S., & Huse, M. (2010). The Contribution of Women on Boards of Directors: Going Beyond the Surface. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 18 (2), pp. 136-148.
OECD (2014). Women, Government and Policy Making in OECD Countries - Fostering Diversity for Inclusive Growth. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/gov/women-government-and-policy-making.htm
Research Council of Norway (2014). Gender balance and gender perspectives in research and innovation. Policy for the Research Council of Norway 2013 – 2017. Retrieved from https://genderedinnovations.stanford.edu/Norway2014Policy.pdf
Seierstad, C., & Healy, G. (2012). Women’s equality in the Scandinavian academy: a distant dream?. Work, employment and society, 26(2), pp. 296-313.
Sherer, M. J., & Zakaria, I. (2018). Mind that gap! An investigation of gender imbalance on the governing bodies of UK universities. Studies in Higher Education, 43 (4), pp. 719-736, DOI: 10.1080/03075079.2016.1196352.
The Global Gender Gap Report (2018). The Case for Gender Equality. Retrieved from http://reports.weforum.org/global-gender-gap-report-2015/the-case-for-gender-equality/#view/fn-13
Tomàs, M., Lavie, J. M., Mar Duran, M. del, & Guillamon, C. (2010). Women in Academic Administration at the University. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 38(4), pp. 487-498. DOI: 10.1177/1741143210368266
UniRank (2019). Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza. Retrieved from https://www.4icu.org/reviews/3938.htm
Văcărescu. T. E. (2012). (Un)Fashionable Disciplines: Gender Studies in Higher Education in Romania. Integration or Autonomy?. Romanian Journal of Society and Politics, 7 (2), pp. 25-63.
van den Brink, M., & Benschop, Y. (2012). Slaying the Seven-Headed Dragon: The Quest for Gender Change in Academia. Gender, Work and Organization. (19) 1, pp. 71-92.
Ward, K., & Wolf-Wendel, L. (2004). Academic motherhood: managing complex roles in research university. The Review of Higher Education, 27 (2), pp. 233-257.
White, K. (2003). Women and Leadership in Higher Education in Australia. Tertiary Education and Management, 9, pp. 45-60.
Williams Woolley, A. W., Chabris, C. F., Pentland, A., Hashmi, N., & Malone, T. W. (2010). Evidence for a Collective Intelligence Factor in the Performance of Human Groups. Science, 330 (6004), pp. 686-688.
Winchester, H., Lorenzo, S., Browning, L., & Chesterman C. (2006). Academic women’s promotions in Australian universities. Employee Relations, 28 (6), pp. 505-522.
Woetzel, Jonathan, et al. (2005). The power of parity: How advancing women’s equality can add $12 trillion to global growth. McKinsey Global Institute, Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/employment-and-growth/how-advancing-womens-equality-can-add-12-trillion-to-global-growth
Žalėnienė, I., Krinickiene, E., Tvaronaviciene, A., & Lobacevskyte, A. (2016). Gender equality and its implementation in universities of Lithuania. Economics and Sociology, 9(1), pp. 237-251.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Las ediciones impresa y electrónica de esta Revista son editadas por el Editorial Universidad de Sevilla, siendo necesario citar la procedencia en cualquier reproducción parcial o total.
Salvo indicación contraria, todos los contenidos de la edición electrónica se distribuyen bajo una licencia de uso y distribución “Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivar 4.0 Internacional” . Puede consultar desde aquí la versión informativa y el texto legal de la licencia. Esta circunstancia ha de hacerse constar expresamente de esta forma cuando sea necesario.
Los autores/as que publiquen en esta revista aceptan las siguientes condiciones:
- Los autores/as conservan los derechos de autor y ceden a la revista el derecho de la primera publicación, con el trabajo registrado con la licencia de atribución de Creative Commons, que permite a terceros utilizar lo publicado siempre que mencionen la autoría del trabajo y a la primera publicación en esta revista.
- Los autores/as pueden realizar otros acuerdos contractuales independientes y adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión del artículo publicado en esta revista (p. ej., incluirlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro) siempre que indiquen claramente que el trabajo se publicó por primera vez en esta revista.
- Se permite y recomienda a los autores/as a publicar su trabajo en Internet (por ejemplo en páginas institucionales o personales) antes y durante el proceso de revisión y publicación, ya que puede conducir a intercambios productivos y a una mayor y más rápida difusión del trabajo publicado (vea The Effect of Open Access).
- Resumen 314
- PDF (English) 203