Evolución de la accesibilidad en los medios y formación de nuevos perfiles profesionales

Estella Oncins

doi:10.12795/mAGAzin.2019.i27.06

Authors

Estella Oncins Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0291-3036

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12795/mAGAzin.2019.i27.06

Keywords:

Media accessibility, subtitling, Ssubtitling for the Deaf/deaf and hard of hearing, audio description, audio subtitling, sign language, web accessibility.

Abstract

COVID19 has affected all areas of our lives, and communication, education and culture are no exception. These areas had to adapt to a new virtual environment. Surfing the Internet and interacting with digital devices and content has become a basic daily routine for all citizens.This article aims to outline the current European legislative framework on accessibility and present the new professional profiles, as well as the training projects that have been developed in this area in the last decades. First, the European legislation in the field of accessibility will be briefly outlined, as well as the current status of the accessibility services in Spain. Second, the main accessibility services available in Spain will be explained with the respective current regulations. Third, the available training in the accessibility field will be explained, highlighting the need for a closer collaboration between vocational and academic training that would allow a better definition of the competencies in the accessibility field. Finally, the current European Erasmus+ projects will be presented along with the conclusions and current needs in the education and training of new professionals in accessibility.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

AENOR (2019).UNE-EN 301549:2019. Requisitos de accesibilidad para productos y servicios TIC. En línea: https://www.une.org/encuentra-tu-norma/busca-tu-norma/norma?c=N0061677 (consultado 05.12.2020)

AENOR (2018).UNE 153101: 2018 EX Lectura Fácil. Pautas y recomendaciones para la elaboración de documentos. En línea: https://www.une.org/encuentra-tu-norma/busca-tu-norma/norma?c=N0060036 (consultado 05.12.2020)

AENOR (2012).UNE 139803:2012. Requisitos de accesibilidad para contenidos en la Web. En línea: https://www.aenor.com/normas-y-libros/buscador-de-normas/une/?c=N0049614 (consultado 05.12.2020)

AENOR (2012). UNE 153010: 2012 Subtitulado para personas sordas y personas con discapacidad auditiva. En línea: https://www.une.org/encuentra-tu-norma/busca-tu-norma/norma/?c=N0049426 (consultado 05.12.2020)

AENOR (2007).UNE 139804:2007 Requisitos para el uso de la Lengua de Signos Española en redes informáticas. En línea: https://www.une.org/encuentra-tu-norma/busca-tu-norma/norma?c=N0040404 (consultado 05.12.2020)

AENOR (2005).UNE 153020:2005 Audiodescripción para personas con discapacidad visual. En línea: https://www.une.org/encuentra-tu-norma/busca-tu-norma/norma?c=N0032787 (consultado 05.12.2020)

Arumí Ribas, M. y Romero-Fresco, P. (2008). A Practical Proposal for the Training of Respeakers. JosTrans10.

Bailey, E. P. (1990).The Plain English approach to business writing. Oxford: OUP.

Bernabé Caro, R. y Orero, P. (2018). Quality training in real time subtitling across EU and EU languages. BFC2018, 4-6.

Bosch-Baliarda, M., Soler-Vilageliu, O., & Orero, P. (2020). Sign language interpreting on TV: a reception study of visual screen exploration in deaf signing users. MonTI. Monografías De Traducción E Interpretación, 12, 108-143. https://doi.org/10.6035/MonTI.2020.12.04.

Braun, S. y Orero, P. (2010). Audio description with audio subtitling – an emergent modality of audiovisual localisation. Perspectives, 18:3, 173-188. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2010.485687

Bredel, U. y Maaß, Ch. (2016). Leichte Sprache. Theoretische Grundlagen, Orientierung für die Praxis. Berlin: Duden.

Cheek, A. (2010). Defining plain language. Clarity, 64, 5-15.

Cutts, M. (1995). The Plain English Guide. Oxford: OUP.

Díaz Cintas, J., Orero, P. y Remael, A. (2007). Media for all: a global challenge. En Jorge Díaz Cintas, Pilar Orero y Aline Remael (eds). Media for All: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language. Amsterdam, Rodopi. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789401209564_003.

EBU (2019).PSM Access services survey. En línea: https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Regional-Presence/Europe/Documents/Events/2019/Accessible%20Europe/07_Gion_Linder_EBU-MIS_short.pdf (consultado 05.12.2020)

Eugeni, C. (2016). Respeaking at BBC. CoMe I, (1), 97-107

Eugeni, C. y Bernabé Caro, R. (2019). The LTA project: Bridging the gap between training and the profession in real-time intralingual subtitling. Linguistica Antverpiensia, New Series: Themes inTranslation Studies, 18, 87–100.

European Commission (EC) (2019). European Accessibility Act. En línea: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32019L0882&from=ES(consultado 05.12.2020)

European Commission (EC) (2018).Audiovisual Media Services Directive (AVMSD). En línea:https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=LEGISSUM%3Aam0005 (consultado 05.12.2020)

European Commission (EC) (2018).Digital Single Market: updated audiovisual rules.En línea: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-18-4093_en.htm (consultado 05.12.2020)

European Commission (EC) (2012). European Union Regulation 1025/ 2012 on European Standardization. En línea: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32012R1025 (consultado 05.12.2020).

European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) (2019).Draft EN 301 549 v3.1.1 Accessibility requirements for ICT products and services. En línea: https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_en/301500_301599/301549/03.01.01_20/en_301549v030101a.pdf

García-Prieto, V. (2018). La accesibilidad de la televisión online en España: análisis de la programación de Antena 3 y Telecinco. Estudios sobre el mensaje periodístico24,(2), 1287-1300. https://doi.org/10.5209/ESMP.62215.

Greco, G.M. (2018). The nature of accessibility studies. Journal of Audiovisual Translation, 1(1), 205-232. https://doi.org/10.47476/jat.v1i1.51.

IFLA (2010).Guidelines for easy-to-read materials. En línea https://www.ifla.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/assets/hq/publications/professional-report/120.pdf

ILSMH European Association (1998).Make it Simple: European Guidelines for the Production of Easy-to-Read Information for People with Learning Disability for authors, editors, information providers, translators and other interested persons·. En línea: https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1271&context=gladnetcollect(consultado 05.12.2020).

Inclusion Europe (2014).Information for all: European standards for making information easy to read and understand. En línea: https://easy-to-read.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/EN_Information_for_all.pdf (consultado 05.12.2020).

Lambourne, P. (2006). Subtitle Respeaking. En Eugeni, C. and Mack, G. 2006. (eds.) intralinea, Special Issue: Respeaking. En línea: http://www.intralinea.org/specials/article/Subtitle_respeaking (consultado 05.12.2020).

Matamala, A. (2019). From easy-to-read texts to easy-to-understand audiovisual content: practice and training. Euroscientist. Special issue The Social Value of European Research on Media Accessibility. https://www.euroscientist.com/from-easy-to-read-texts-to-easy-to-understand-audiovisual-content-practice-and-training/ (consultado 05.12.2020).

Matamala, A. (2007). La accesibilidad en los medios: aspectos lingüísticos y retos de formación. En Pérez-Ugena, Á. (ed.). La accesibilidad en la era de la tv digital. Madrid: Laberinto.

Matamala, A. y Orero, P. (2019). Training experts in inclusive practices for an equity on access to culture in Europe. En S. Halder, V. Argyropoulos (eds). Inclusion, equity and access for individuals with disabilities, (pp. 263-280). Palgrave Macmillan. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5962-0_13.

Matamala, A. y Orero, P. (2006). Integración de la accesibilidad en los medios en los estudios de traducción. Comunicación presentada en el Congrés Internacional de Docència Universitària i Innovació. Barcelona.

Mendoza Domínguez, N. y Matamala, A. (2019). Panorama de la enseñanza de la audiodescripción en España: Resultados de un cuestionario. En: Tolosa Igualada, Miguel & Álvaro Echeverri (eds.). Porque algo tiene que cambiar. La formación de traductores e intérpretes: Presente & futuro / Because something should change: Present & Future Training of Translators and Interpreters. MonTI 11, pp. 155-185. https://doi.org/10.6035/MonTI.2019.11.6.

Morettini, A. (2014). Legislation on audiovisual and media accessibility in Italy and beyond. inTRAlinea Special Issue: Across Screens Across Boundaries. En línea: http://www.intralinea.org/specials/article/2071 (consultado 05.12.2020).

Oncins, E., Altinier, A. y Fitzpatrick, D. (2021). Mapping the European Digital Accessibility field. En Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Software Development and Technologies for Enhancing Accessibility and Fighting Info-exclusion (DSAI 2020), December 2-4, 2020, Online, Portugal.

Oncins, E. y Orero, P. (2021). Let’s put standardisation in practice. Hikma. https://doi.org/10.21071/hikma.v20i1.12886.

Oncins, E. (2020). Accessibility Training for the New Digital World: The IMPACT project. Euroscientist. Special issue The Social Value of European Research on Media Accessibility. En línea: https://www.euroscientist.com/accessibility-training-for-the-new-digital-world-the-impact-project/ (consultado 05.12.2020)

Oncins, E., Eugeni, C. y Bernabé Caro, R. (2019). The Future of Mediators for Live Events: LTA Project – Academic and Vocational Training. Cultusjournal 2, 129-153.

Orero, P. (2017). The professional profile of the expert in media accessibility for the scenic arts. Rivista internazionale di tecnica della traduzione RIIT 19: 143-161. https://doi.org/10.13137/2421-6763/17356.

Orero, P. (2005a). La inclusión de la accesibilidad en comunicación audiovisual dentro de los estudios de traducción audiovisual. Quaderns de Traducció, 12, pp. 173-185.

Orero, P. (2005b). Teaching Audiovisual Accessibility. Translating Today, 4, pp.12-15.

Orero, P. (2005c). Audio Description: Professional Recognition, Practice and Standards in Spain. Translation Watch Quarterly, 1, pp. 7-18.

Orero, P. (2006). ¿Quién hará la audiodescripción comercial en España? El futuro perfil del descriptor. En Jiménez, C. (ed.). Traducción y accesibilidad: Subtitulación para sordos y ad para ciegos, Granada: Comares.

Orero, P. y Matamala, A. (2013). Standardising Audio Description. Italian Journal of Special Education for Inclusion, 149-155.

Perego, E. (2017). Audio Description: A Laboratory for the Development of a New Professional Profile. Rivista Internazionale di Tecnica della Traduzione, 19: 131-142. https://doi.org/10.13137/2421-6763/17355.

Pereira, A.M y Lorenzo, L. (2006). La investigación y formación en accesibilidad dentro del ámbito de la traducción audiovisual. En Gonzalo García, C. y P. Hernúñez (eds.). Libro homenaje a Valentín García Yebra, Madrid: Arco Libros

Puigdomènech, L., Orero, P. y Matamala, A. (2008). The Making of a Protocol for Opera Audio Description. En Pegenaute, L; DeCesaris, J.; Tricás, M. & E. Bernal (eds.) La traducción del futuro: mediación lingüística y cultural en el siglo XXI (pp.381-392). Barcelona: PPU.

Remael, A.; Orero, P. ; Black, S. & Jankowska, A. (2019). From translators to accessibility managers: How did we get there and how do we train them?. En Tolosa Igualada, Miguel y Álvaro Echeverri (eds.) 2019. Porque algo tiene que cambiar. La formación de traductores e intérpretes: Presente & futuro / Because something should change: Present & Future Training of Translators and Interpreters. MonTI 11, pp. 131-154. https://doi.org/10.6035/MonTI.2019.11.5.

Reviers, N. (2016). Audio description services in Europe: an update. Jostrans. The Journal of Specialised Translation 26, 232-246.

Sanz-Moreno, R. (2018). Perfil socioprofesional del audiodescriptor en España, Hikma 17, 119-143.

Sanz Moreno, R. (2020). La formación del audiodescriptor en España. Situación actual y retos futuros. TRANS. Revista De Traductología, (24), 145-164. https://doi.org/10.24310/TRANS.2020.v0i24.7582.

Theunisz, M. (2002). Audio subtitling: A new service in Netherlands making subtitling programmes accessible.

Vercauteren, G. (2007). Towards a European Guideline for Audio Description. En Díaz Cintas, J.; Orero, P. and Remael, A. (Eds). Media for All: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language (pp. 139-149). Amsterdam: Rodopi. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789401209564_011.

Evolution of media accessibility and training of new professional profiles

Authors

DOI:

Keywords:

Abstract

Downloads

References

Downloads

Published

How to Cite

Issue

Section

License

Self-archiving policy

Follow us on

Information

Language