Disociaciones entre discurso y prácticas lectoras en futuros profesores: pistas para la formación docente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12795/revistafuentes.2020.v22.i2.07Keywords:
lectura, creencias, formación de docentes, hábito de lectura, identidad lectora, formación de lectoresAbstract
Resumen
Las creencias y representaciones operan sobre la acción, así es posible pensar que el tipo de mediaciones que realizará el profesor en el aula dependerán de su bagaje lector, sus concepciones sobre la lectura y de la consecuente relación que establezca con ella. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar las creencias de profesores en formación en torno a la lectura, así como su relación con la formación personal y profesional. Para ello, se realizaron cuatro grupos focales con estudiantes de pedagogía en dos regiones del país (n=23), en los cuales se indagó sobre sus creencias sobre la lectura en general y como objeto de enseñanza, así como su relación con la lectura personal y profesional. Los discursos fueron objeto de un análisis de contenido asistido por Nvivo-11. Los resultados muestran una definición no unitaria de lectura, en donde predominan aspectos positivos como su valor y beneficios para el desarrollo, no obstante, se observa una disociación entre esta declaración y sus prácticas. Por un lado, estos estudiantes afirman leer por gusto, pero no demuestran conocimiento literario ni expresan preferencias. Por otro lado, identifican dificultades para leer a causa de su excesiva carga docente. A nivel profesional, aunque reconocen su rol como mediadores de lectura, advierten que no es una tarea exclusiva del docente. Se discuten las implicancias de estas disociaciones para la formación de profesores y de nuevos lectores.
Abstract
Beliefs and representations influence action, so it is not unfeasible that teacher interventions made in the classroom depend on their reading background and their conceptions of reading. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the beliefs of pre-service teachers in training regarding reading, as well as their relationship with personal learning and professional development. To this end, four focus groups were conducted with pre-service teachers in two regions of Chile (n=23), in which their beliefs about reading in general and as an aspect of teaching were investigated, as well as their own relationships with personal and professional reading. The results show dissonant definitions, where in spite of participants’ predominantly positive regard for reading, such as its value and benefits for development, there is a disconnect between such affirmations and the practices of participants. On the one hand, participants claim to read for pleasure, but do not demonstrate literary knowledge, nor do they express preferences. On the other hand, they identify difficulties in reading because of their excessive teaching loads. At a professional level, even though participants acknowledge their role as reading mediators, they recognize that this is not a task exclusive to teachers. This paper discusses the implications of these findings for preservice teachers and for new readers.
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Accepted 2020-05-25
Published 2020-09-17
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