La influencia de Facebook y sus cambios de algoritmos en el periodismo y las fake news
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12795/Ambitos.2024.i63.06Palabras clave:
Facebook, Meta, Periodismo, Algoritmos, Fake News, Redes Sociales, Manipulación PolíticaResumen
Facebook es la mayor red social del mundo (en 2023 tenía 3.030 millones de usuarios). El algoritmo que controla su News Feed -el alimentador de publicaciones- es una de las fórmulas mediáticas más relevantes del mundo. La pregunta de investigación de este trabajo intenta responder a si existe relación entre las decisiones de contenidos de los periódicos y los cambios anuales en el algoritmo de Facebook. La primera fase de esta investigación ha consistido en cartografiar, por primera vez, cómo Facebook modificó repetidamente su algoritmo respecto al News Feed. Se ha analizado un periodo de 11 años (desde 2008 hasta 2019). Una vez detectado cada cambio, se han contrastado esas modificaciones con los datos extraídos de 122.869 publicaciones de los 20 periódicos más importantes de España según el EGM durante esos 11 años. El objetivo era encontrar la posible relación entre un cambio en el algoritmo y un cambio en los contenidos periodísticos. Como conclusión demostramos que entre 2008 y 2019 existieron cambios en cómo los periódicos seleccionan los contenidos y se correlacionan con los cambios en el algoritmo. Otra conclusión es que la modificación de estos algoritmos influye en la política y en la creación de cámaras de resonancia que fomentan las fake news.
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