Originality and plagiarism

Authors must ensure that the data and results reported in the manuscript are original and have not been copied, fabricated, falsified or manipulated.

Plagiarism in all forms, multiple or redundant publication, and data fabrication or manipulation constitute serious ethical failings and are considered scientific fraud.

Authors must not submit to the journal any original work submitted simultaneously to another journal for consideration, nor shall they submit said work to another journal until they are notified that it has been rejected or have voluntarily withdrawn it from consideration. However, an article that builds upon previously published work—such as a short report, a brief communication or a conference abstract—may be published, as long as it appropriately cites the earlier source it is based on and as long as the new manuscript represents a substantial modification of the previous publication.

Secondary publication is also acceptable if it is aimed at completely different readers—for example, if the article is to be published in different languages or if one version is intended for specialists whereas the other one is intended for the general public. These circumstances must be specified, and the original publication must be cited appropriately.