Assessment of Social Vulnerability in Malaga Province, Spain: A Comparison of Indicator Standardization Techniques
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12795/rea.2021.i41.05Palabras clave:
Vulnerabilidad social; Indicadores; Estandarización; Desastres naturalesResumen
La peligrosidad viene motivada por una serie de fenómenos extremos que pueden ser debidos a causas naturales, a actividades humanas o a una combinación de ambos aspectos. La vulnerabilidad social expresa las condiciones de las personas que pueden ser afectadas por determinados peligros. De cara a la prevención de los daños y pérdidas vinculadas a estos peligros, se hace necesario identificar a la población vulnerable en un territorio determinado a través de la generación de cartografía sobre vulnerabilidad social. En este trabajo, la zona estudiada se corresponde con la provincia de Málaga, que se localiza en la zona sur de España dentro de la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía. Un conjunto de 23 indicadores han sido aplicados para analizar la vulnerabilidad de la población de Málaga a nivel municipal. Para ello se han empleado tres técnicas de estandarización (transformación del valor máximo, transformación de las puntuaciones Z y transformación de valores mínimo y máximo) que han permitido la clasificación de los municipios en 5 categorías de vulnerabilidad. Los resultados muestran que existe una importante similitud entre las diferentes técnicas de estandarización elegidas. En todos ellas se detecta que los municipios más vulnerables desde un punto de vista socio-económico se sitúan en la zona occidental de la provincia de Málaga.
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