Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Logo Thémata

RESEARCH PAPERS

No. 56

Boredom: a comprehensive study of the state of affairs

  • Josefa Ros Velasco
DOI
https://doi.org/10.12795/themata.2017.i56.08
Submitted
September 16, 2016
Published
2017-12-07

Abstract

A literature shortage is one of the major complaints made by boredom researchers in all fields of study. This claim passes from one study to another without being questioned, thus hampering the understanding of the true state of the issue. In response, this paper demonstrates that it is, in fact, not the case that there is a shortage of literature on boredom; rather, there exists a lack of thematic variety and issues of linguistic accessibility. The paper also falsifies the claim that, up until the beginning of the 2000, there were only a few studies on boredom published each year. The results are based on a comprehensive database which includes the total population of studies on boredom and classifies them according to linguistic, thematic and chronological criteria.

References

  1. Abdolahi, B., Damirchi, G. V., Ganjeh, H.: “Surveying of Job boredom proneness effect on Job Satisfaction and Job Involvement, Case study: Ardabil province SMEs”, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary research in Business 3 (3), 2011, pp. 1332-1338.
  2. Acee, T. W., et al.: “Academic boredom in under- and over-challenging situations”, Contemporary Educational Psychology 35 (1), 2010, pp. 17-27.
  3. Adorno, T. W., Horkheimer, M.: Dialectic of Enlightenment. London: Verso, 1997.
  4. Ahmed, S. M. S.: “Psychometric properties of the boredom proneness scale”, Perceptual and Motor Skills 71, 1990, pp. 963-966.
  5. Alexandria, C.: “Zeno et Zenonis discipuli”, in Arnim, H. V. Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta (SVF). 1. Stuttgart: Teubner, 1964.
  6. Anderson, B.: “Time-Stilled Space-Slowed: How Boredom Matters”, Geoforum 35 (6), 2004, pp. 739–754.
  7. Antón, M. C.: “El aburrimiento”, Perspectivas en Psicología 9, 2012, pp. 104-109.
  8. Aquinas, S. T.: Summa Theologica. New York: Cosimo, 2007.
  9. Artino, A. R., Stephens, J. M.: “Cognitive antecedents of boredom and frustration”, Academic Exchange Quarterly, 11 (4), 2007, pp. 17.
  10. Augustine, S.: Augustine Confessions. Cambridge: Hackett, 2006.
  11. Bailey, C.: Titi Lucreli Cari De rerum natura libri sex. Oxford: OUP, 1947.
  12. Barbalet, J.M.: “Boredom and social meaning”, British Journal of Sociology 50, 1999, pp. 631-646.
  13. Bargdill, R. W.: Being bored with one’s life: An empirical phenomenological study, UMI Company. PhD diss., Duquesne University, 1998.
  14. - “A phenomenological investigation of being bored with life”, Psychological Reports 86, 2000, pp. 493-494.
  15. Barnett, L. A.: “Measuring the ABCs of leisure experience. Awareness, boredom. Challenge, Distress”, Leisure Sciences 27 (2), 2005, pp. 131-155.
  16. Baudelaire, C.: Les Fleurs du Mal. New Hampshire: David R. Godine, 1983.
  17. Benjamin, W.: The Arcades Project. Harvard: HUP, 1999.
  18. Bergler, E.: “On the disease-entity boredom (“alyosis”) and its psychopathology”, Psychiatric Quarterly 19 (1), 1945, pp. 38-51.
  19. Bergstein, A.: “On Boredom: A close encounter with encapsulated parts of the psyche”, International Journal of Psychoanalysis 90, 2009, pp. 613-631.
  20. Bigelow, P.: “The ontology of boredom: A philosophical essay”, Man and World 16 (3), 1983, pp. 251-265.
  21. Bills, M.: “Boredom in the experience economy”, Display & Design Ideas 15 (10), 2003, pp. 66.
  22. Bilz, R.: “Langeweile. Versuch einer systematischen Darstellung”, in Paläo-anthropologie: Der neue Mensch in der Sicht der Verhaltensforschung. FaM: Suhrkamp, 1971, pp. 241-276.
  23. Binnema, D.: “Interrelations of psychiatric patient experiences of boredom and mental health”, Issues in mental health nursing 25 (8), 2004, pp. 833-842.
  24. Blumenberg, H.: Beschreibung des Menschen. FaM: Suhrkamp, 2006.
  25. Bolland, S., Emami, S.: “The benefits of boredom: An exploration in developmental robotics”, IEEE-ALife’07, Honolulu, 1-5 April 2007.
  26. Bromberg, J.: “Retirement: Boredom or bliss”, Aging 317, 1981, pp. 17-21.
  27. Bruursema, K.: How individual values and trait boredom interface with job characteristics and job boredom in their effects on counterproductive work behavior. PhD diss., University of South Florida, 2007.
  28. Büchner, G.: Danton’s Death; Leonce and Lena; Woyzeck. Oxford: OUP, 1998.
  29. - Dantons Tod and Woyseck. Manchester: MUP, 1996.
  30. - Complete Plays, Lenz and Other Writings. London: Penguin, 2006.
  31. Butler, N.: “Work, play and boredom”, Ephemera 11 (4), 2011, pp. 329-335.
  32. Byor, T. V.: “Do Spokesmen Commercials Portend an Era of Boredom in TV Advertising?”, Advertising Age, 1975, p. 35.
  33. Byron, G. G.: Don Juan. London: A. Cunningham, 1852.
  34. Campbell, R. N.: Psychiatric Dictionary. New York: OUP, 1996.
  35. Cassian, J.: The institutes. New York: Newman, 2000.
  36. Charlton, B. G.: “Crick’s gossip test and Watson’s boredom principle: A pseudo-mathematical analysis of effort in scientific research”, Medical hypotheses 70 (1), 2008, pp. 1-3.
  37. Chateaubriand, F. R. D.: Memoirs from Beyond the Tomb. London: Penguin, 2014.
  38. Cioran, E.: History and Utopia. New York: Seaver, 1987.
  39. Clive, G.: “A phenomenology of boredom”, Journal of existentialism 5 (20), 1965, p. 359.
  40. Cronon, W.: “Professional Boredom”, Perspectives on History, 50 (3), 2012, pp. 5-6.
  41. Conrad, P.: “It’s Boring: Notes on the Meanings of Boredom in Everyday Life”, Qualitative Sociology 20 (4), 1997, pp. 465-475.
  42. Damrad-Frye, R., Laird, J. D.: “The experience of boredom: The role of the self-perception of attention”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 57 (2), 1989, p. 315.
  43. Danckert, J. A., Allman, A. A.: “Time flies when you’re having fun: Temporal estimation and the experience of boredom”, Brain and Cognition 59 (3), 2005, pp. 236-245.
  44. De Chenne, T. K.: “Boredom as a clinical issue”, Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training 25, 1988, pp. 71–81.
  45. Deleuze, G.: Negotiations 1972-1990. New York: CUP, 1995.
  46. Donne, J.: The life and letters of John Donne. London: Heinemann, 1899.
  47. Dostoievski, F.: Prision Life in Siberia. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1881.
  48. - The Novels of Fyodor Dostoevsky: White nights. Portsmouth: Heinemann, 1918.
  49. - The gambler: And Other Stories. New York: MacMillan, 1923.
  50. - Crime and Punishment. New York: Random, 1956.
  51. - Notes from the Underground. Oxford: OUP, 1999.
  52. Durkheim, E., The Division of Labour in Society. London: Simon and Schuster, 1997.
  53. - On Suicide. London: Penguin, 2006.
  54. Dym, B., Glenn, M. L.: Liebe, Lust und Langeweile: die Zyklen intimer Paarbeziehungen. München: Dtv, 1994.
  55. Eastwood, J. D., Frischen, A., Fenske, M. J., Smilek, D.: “The unengaged mind defining boredom in terms of attention”, Perspectives on Psychological Science 7 (5), 2012, pp. 482-495.
  56. Euripides: The nineteenth tragedies and fragments of Euripides. London: Nichols and Payne, 1782.
  57. Fahmy, N. R. M., Noble, J.: “Digital osteomyelitis due to boredom”, The Hand 3, 1981, pp. 285-286.
  58. Farmer, R., Sundberg, N. D.: “Boredom proneness: The development and correlates of a new scale”, Journal of Personality Assessment 50, 1986, pp. 4-17.
  59. Fenichel, O.: “On the psychology of boredom”, in Rappaport, D. Organization and pathology of thought, New York: CUP, 1951, pp. 349-361.
  60. Fisher, C. D.: Boredom: construct, causes and consequences. Texas: A&M, 1987.
  61. - “Boredom at work: A neglected concept”, Human Relations 46 (3), 1991, pp. 395-417.
  62. Flaubert, G.: Madame Bovary. Paris: Arvensa, 2014.
  63. Fontane, T.: Jenny Treibel. New York: F. Ungar, 1976.
  64. - Effi Briest. Kansas: Neeland, 2012.
  65. - Trials and Tribulations. New York: Mondial, 2015.
  66. German, D., Latkin, C. A.: “Boredom, depressive symptoms, and HIV risk behaviors among urban injection drug users”, AIDS Behaviour 16 (8), 2012, pp. 2244-2250.
  67. Goethe, J. W. V.: The Sorrows of Young Werther; Elective Affinities; Novella. Princeton: PUP, 1988.
  68. - From my life. FaM: Suhrkamp, 1987.
  69. - “Campagne in Frankreich”, in: Sämmtliche Werke. Paris: Baudry’s, 1840, pp. 65-128.
  70. - “Sonette XV”, in: Feldbausch, F. S. Deutsche Metrik. Heidelberg: Karl Winter, 1841.
  71. - Götz von Berlichingen mit der eisern Hand. Stuttgart: J. G. Cotta ‘scher, 1859.
  72. - “Schriften zur Naturwissenschaft”, in: Sämtliche Werke. Berlin: Propyläen, 1909, pp. 444-517.
  73. - Italian Journey. London: Penguin, 1970.
  74. Goffman, E.: The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. London: Penguin, 1959.
  75. Gombrich, E. H.: “The pleasures of boredom”, in The uses of images: studies in the social function of art and visual communication. London: Phaidon, 1999, pp. 212-225.
  76. Hamilton, P.: “Boredom-reducing feeding device for caged animals”, U. S. Patent 5, 1999, pp. 815-894.
  77. Hancock, P. A., Krueger, G. P.: Hours of boredom, moments of terror: Temporal desynchrony in military and security force operations. Washington: National Defense University, 2010.
  78. Harrison, A.: “Creativity, class, and boredom: Cognitive models for intelligent activities”, Journal of Education 166 (2), 1984, pp. 150-169.
  79. Healy, S. D.: Boredom, Self and Culture. New Jersey: Fairleigh Dickinson UP, 1984.
  80. Heidegger, M.: The Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics: World, Finitude, Solitude. Indiana: IUP, 1995.
  81. Heine, H.: Französische Zustände. Hamburg: Hoffmann und Campe, 1872.
  82. - Book of Songs. New York: Henry Holt, 1874.
  83. Hölderlin, F.: The Death of Empedocles. New York: Suny Press, 2008.
  84. Homer: Iliad. London: St. Paul’s Church Yard, 1813.
  85. Hopkins, V. D.: “Boredom”, The Controller 19 (1), 1980, pp. 6-10.
  86. Horace: The Epistles and Art of Poetry of Horace. Edinbugh: Nimmo, 1872.
  87. Ibsen, H.: Peer Gynt. A Dramatic Poem. Oslo: SUP, 1995.
  88. - Hedda Gabler. New York: Dramatists Play Service, 2002.
  89. Inman, A., Kirsh, K. L., Passik, S. D.: “A pilot study to examine the relationship between boredom and spirituality in cancer patients”, Palliative & supportive care 1(2), 2003, pp. 143-151.
  90. Iso-Ahola, S. E., Weissinger, E.: “Leisure and boredom”, Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 5, 1987, pp. 356-364.
  91. Kafka, F.: The Diaries of Franz Kafka. 1914-1923. London: Secker and Warburg, 1949.
  92. Kant, I.: Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View. Berlin: Springer, 2012.
  93. Kass, S. J., Vodanovich, S. J., Callender, A.: “State-trait boredom: Relationship to absenteeism, tenure, and job satisfaction”, Journal of Business and Psychology 16, 2001, 317-327.
  94. Kleist, H. V.: Gesammelte Schriften. Berlin: Ludwig Tieck, 1826.
  95. Kierkegaard, S.: Either/Or. London: Penguin, 2004.
  96. - Repetition and Philosophical Crumbs. Oxford: OUP, 2009.
  97. - Kierkegaard’s Writings, XIX: Sickness Unto Death: A Christian Psychological Exposition for Upbilding and Awakening / II: The concept of Irony, with Continual Reference to Socrates / Notes of Schelling’s Berlin Lectures. Princeton: PUP, 2013.
  98. Köster, E. P., Mojet, J., and MacFie, H.: “Boredom and the reasons why some new food products fail”, Consumer-led food product development, 2007, pp. 262-280.
  99. Kracauer, S.: The Mass Ornament: Weimar Essays. Cambridge: HUP, 1995.
  100. Kreisel, D. K.: “Wolf Children and Automata: Bestiality and Boredom at Home and Abroad”, Representations 96 (1), 2006, pp. 21-47.
  101. Kuhn, R. C.: The Demon of Noontide: Ennui in Western Literature. Princeton: PUP, 1976.
  102. Lee, Y., Mittelstaedt, R., Askins, J.: “Predicting free time boredom of people with spinal cord injury”, Therapeutic Recreation Journal 33, 1999, pp. 122-134.
  103. Leong, F. T., Schneller, G. R.: “Boredom proneness: Temperamental and cognitive components”, Personality and Individual Differences 14, 1993, pp. 233-239.
  104. Leslie, I. I.: “From idleness to boredom: on the historical development of modern boredom”, Critical Studies 31 (1), 2009, pp. 35-59.
  105. Leung, L.: “Leisure boredom, sensation seeking, self-esteem, and addiction”. Mediated interpersolal communication, 2008, pp. 359-381.
  106. Liddell, H., Scott, R. Jones, H. S.: Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford: Clarendon, 1940.
  107. Lipps, T.: Leitfaden der Psychologie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, 1909.
  108. London, H., Monell, L.: Thought and feeling. Chicago: Aldine, 1974.
  109. Loyola, St. I.: The Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius of Loyola. New York: Cosimo, 2007.
  110. MacDonald, D. A., Holland, D.: “Spirituality and boredom proneness”, Personality and Individual Differences 32, 2002, pp. 1113-1119.
  111. Mains, D.: “Neoliberal times: progress, boredom, and shame among young men in urban Ethiopia”, American Ethnologist 34 (4), 2007, pp. 659-673.
  112. Mallarmé, S. Coffey, B.: Poems of Mallarmé. London: Menard, 1990.
  113. Mallory, A.: “Burke, Boredom, and the Theater of Counterrevolution”, Publications of the Modern Language Association of America, 2003, pp. 224-238.
  114. Mann, T.: The Magic Mountain. New York: Random, 1996.
  115. - Little Herr Friedemann and Other Stories. London: Minerva, 1997.
  116. - Buddenbrooks. New York: Knopf Doubleday, 2011.
  117. - Royal Highness. New York: Knopf Doubleday, 2013.
  118. Martin, M., Sadlo, G., Stew, G.: “The phenomenon of boredom”, Qualitative Research in Psychology 3, 2006, pp. 193-211.
  119. Merrifield, C.: Toward a Model of Boredom: Investigating the Psychophysiological, Cognitive, and Neural Correlates of Boredom. PhD diss., University of Waterloo, 2014.
  120. Montaigne, M. D.: Les essais. Paris: Pocket, 2009.
  121. Munsterberg, H.: Psychology and industrial efficiency. Boston: Houghton-Miffin, 1913.
  122. Musharbash, Y.: “Boredom, time, and modernity: An example from Aboriginal Australia”, American Anthropologist 109 (2), 2007, pp. 307-317.
  123. Musil, R.: The Confusions of Young Törless. Oxford: OUP, 2014.
  124. Nett, U. E., Goetz, T., Daniels, L. M.: “What to do when feeling bored?: Students' strategies for coping with boredom”, Learning and Individual Differences 20 (6), 2010, pp. 626-638.
  125. Nett, U. E., Goetz, T., Hall, N. C.: “Coping with boredom in school: An experience sampling perspective”, Contemporary Educational Psychology 36 (1), 2011, pp. 49-59.
  126. Nietzsche, F.: Werke. Berlin: Colli/Montinari, 1896.
  127. - The Gay Science. Cambridge: CUP, 2001.
  128. - The Anti-Christ. New York: Cosimo Classics, 2005.
  129. Novalis: Hymns to the Night; Spiritual Songs. Forest Row: Temple Lodge, 1992.
  130. Núñez, P. S.: “El gran ennui o la monotonía de lo insignificante: sexualidad, dispositivo femenino y aburrimiento”, Espéculo 14, 2000, pp. 1139-3637.
  131. O’Farrell, P.: “Boredom as historical motivation”, Quadrant 26 (1-2), 1982, p. 52.
  132. O’Hanlon, J. E.: “Boredom: Practical consequences and a theory”, Acta Psychologies 49, 1981, pp. 53-82.
  133. Ohlendorf, V.: Grenzenloser Spaß oder endlose Langeweile?: Sexualität in der Erlebnisgesellschaft. München: GRIN, 2012.
  134. Pascal, B.: Thoughts, Letters, and Minor Works. New York: Cosimo, 2007.
  135. Passik, S. D.: “Boredom as a component of distress in advanced cancer patients”, Psycho-Oncology 12 (4), 2003, p. 227.
  136. Pekrun, R., Goetz, T., Daniels, I. M., Stupnisky, R. H., Perry, R. P.: “Boredom in achievement settings: Exploring control-value antecedents and performance outcomes of a neglected emotion”, Journal of Educational Psycbology 102 (3), 2010, pp. 531-549.
  137. Perkins, R. E.: The nature and origins of boredom. PhD diss., University of Keele, 1981.
  138. Pessoa, F.: The Book of Disquiet. London: Profile Books, 2010.
  139. Peters, E.: “Notes toward an archaeology of boredom”, Social Research 42, 1975, pp. 493-511.
  140. Philippson, R.: “Papyrus Herculanensis 831”. The American Journal of Philology 64 (2), 1943, pp. 148-162.
  141. Pindar: Phytian Odes. Oxford: OUP, 1962.
  142. Plato: Complete works. Cambridge: Hackett, 1997.
  143. - Plato’s Protagoras. Translation, Comentary and Appendices. New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2010.
  144. Priest, E.: “Listening to Nothing in Particular: Boredom and Contemporary Experimental Music”, Postmodern Culture 21 (2), 2011, pp. 1-24.
  145. Rakoff, J.: “E-boredom”, University Business 4 (3), 2001, p. 16.
  146. Raposa, M.: Boredom and the Religious Imagination. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1999.
  147. Retana, C.: “Consideraciones acerca del aburrimiento como emoción moral”, Káñina, Revista de Artes y Letras, Universidad de Costa Rica 35 (2), 2011, pp. 179-190.
  148. Revers, W. J.: Die Psychologie der Langeweile. Meisenheim am Glan: Hain, 1949.
  149. Rousseau, J. J.: Émile, ou de l’education. La Haya: Chez Jean Néaulme, 1776.
  150. Rubin, L.: “The Politics of Boredom: Punk, the Situationist International and Chuck Palahniuk’s Rant”, Reading Chuck Palahniuk: American Monsters and Literary Mayhem, 2009, pp. 129-142.
  151. Russell, B.: The Conquest of Hapiness. London: Allen & Unwin, 1930.
  152. Sartre, J. P.: The Transcendence of the Ego. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1957.
  153. Seneca: Moral Letters to Licilius. Toronto: Aegitas, 1786.
  154. Schiller, F.: Theater: Die Huldigung der Künste. Don Karlos. Die Jungfrau von Orleans. Tübingen: J. G. Cotta’sche, 1805.
  155. - Fiesco Or the Genoese Conspiracy. Carolina: BiblioBazaar, 2008.
  156. Schopenhauer, A.: Zur Philosophie und Wissenschaft der Natur, in: Sämtliche Werke in zwölf Bänden. Stuttgart, Berlin: J. G. Cotta’sche, 1895, pp. 103-178.
  157. - Parerga and Paralipomena. Madrid: Trotta, 2006.
  158. - The World as Will and Representation. Massachusetts: Courier, 2012.
  159. Scitovsky, T.: “The wages of boredom”. New Perspectives Quarterly 17 (2), 2000, pp. 45-51.
  160. Sibayan, J. F.: “Art and Boredom”, IDEYA: Journal of the Humanities 1 (2), 2000, pp. 88-98.
  161. Simmel, G.: Einleitung in die Moralwissenschaft: Eine Kritik der ethischen Grundbegriffe. Berlin: Hertz, 1892.
  162. - The Philosophy of Money. Oxford: Francis & Tylor, 2011.
  163. Smith, R. P.: “Boredom: A Review”, Human Factors 23, 1981, pp. 329-340.
  164. Solomon: A new translation of the Proverbs of Solomon. Cambridge: CUP, 1831.
  165. Sommers, J., Vodanovich, S. J.: “Boredom Proneness: Its Relationship to Psychological- and Physical-Health Symptoms”, Journal of Clinical Psychology 56 (1), 2000, pp. 149-155.
  166. Stagner, R.: “Boredom on the assembly line: Age and personality variables”, Industrial Gerontology 2, 1975, pp. 23-44.
  167. Strahan, J. C.: “The retired patient: boredom, fears, and suicide”, Delaware medical journal 52 (9), 1980, pp. 497-501.
  168. Strindberg, A.: Samlade skrifter: Röda Rummet. Stockholm: Albert Bonniers, 1912.
  169. - Skrifter av August Strindberg: Hemsöborna. Skärkarlsliv. Stockholm: Albert Bonniers, 1951.
  170. - Married. Auckland: Floating, 2013.
  171. Svendsen, L.: A Philosophy of Boredom. London: Reaction, 2005.
  172. Tardieu, E.: L’ennui: Étude psychologique. Paris: Libraire Félix Alcan, 1913.
  173. Theobald, D. E., et al.: “An open label pilot study of citalopram for depression and boredom in ambulatory cancer patients”, Palliative & supportive care 1 (1), 2003, pp. 71-77.
  174. Todman, M.: “Boredom and psychotic disorders: Cognitive and motivational issues”, Psychiatry 66 (2), 2003, pp. 146-167.
  175. Tolstói, L.: War and Peace. New York: MacMillan, 1920.
  176. - Anna Karenina. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth, 1995.
  177. - “The Kreutzer Sonata”, in: The Death of Ivan Ilyich & Other Stories. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth, 2004, pp. 131-199.
  178. - Family Happiness and Other Stories. New York: Dover, 2005.
  179. - The kingdom of God is within you. Charleston: BiblioBazaar, 2007.
  180. - The Death of Ivan Ilych and Other Stories. London: Vintage, 2010.
  181. - Resurrection. Auckland: Floating, 2011.
  182. Toohey, P.: “Some Ancient Notions of Boredom”, Illinois Classical Studies 13 (1), 1988, pp. 151-164.
  183. - Boredom. A Lively History. New Haven: YUP, 2011.
  184. Tucker, B.: “Performing Boredom in Effi Briest: On the Effects of Narrative Speed”, The German Quarterly 80 (2), 2007, pp. 185-200.
  185. Unamuno, M.: Mist. Illnois: IUP, 1928.
  186. Valéry, P.: Mon Faust. Paris: Gallimard, 1988.
  187. - Dance and the Soul. London: John Lehmann, 1951.
  188. - Œuvres, I. Paris: Gallimard, 1957.
  189. Van Tilburg, W. A. P., Igou, E. R.: “On boredom: Lack of challenge and meaning as distinct boredom experiences”, Motivation and Emotion 36 (2), 2011, pp. 181-194.
  190. Verlaine, P.: The Crused Poets. Los Angeles: Green Integer, 2003.
  191. - Songs without Words. Oakland: Omnidawn, 2013.
  192. Vodanovich, S. J.: “Psychometrics measure of boredom: a review of the literature”, The Journal of Psychology 137 (6), 2003, pp. 569-595.
  193. Vodanovich, S. J., Watt, J. D.: “The relationship between time structure and boredom proneness: An investigation within two cultures”, The Journal of social psychology 139 (2), 1999, pp. 143-152.
  194. Vogel-Walcutt, J. J.: “The Definition, Assessment, and Mitigation of State Boredom Within Educational Settings: A Comprehensive Review”, Educational Psychology Review 24 (1), 2012, pp. 89-111.
  195. Völker, L.: Langeweile. Munich: Fink, 1975.
  196. Voltaire: The Age of Louis XIV. London: J. M. Dent & Sons, 1927.
  197. Weinberg, K.: “The Women of Eliot and Baudelaire: The Boredom, the Horror and the Glory”, Modern Language Studies, 1984, pp. 31-42.
  198. Wemelsfelder, F.: Animal Boredom, Towards an Empirical Approach of Animal Subjectivity. PhD diss., The Netherlands, University of Leiden, 1993.
  199. Wordsworth, W., Coleridge, S. T.: Lyricall Ballads. London: J. & A. Arch, 1798.
  200. Yamamoto, N., Ishikawa, M.: “Curiosity and boredom based on prediction error as novel internal rewards”, Brain-Inspired Information Technology. Studies in Computational Intelligence 266, 2010, pp. 51-55.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.