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Logo Thémata

ARTÍCULOS DE INFORMACIÓN FILOSÓFICA GENERAL Y ESPECIALIZADA (NOTAS)

Núm. 58

Conditionals and the universal quantification: A logical and psychological relationship

Enviado
octubre 25, 2017
Publicado
2018-12-12

Resumen

In classical logic, it is evident that there is a clear relationship between the conditional and the universally quantified sentences. In this paper, I claim that this relationship is not only a requirement of that logic, but we also have important evidence that seems to prove that the human mind assumes it in a natural way by virtue of purely psychological reasons. To show this, I resort to an ancient text authored by Sextus Empiricus, in which the relationship is explained in a very precise manner, and the framework given by a current cognitive theory, the mental models theory, in which descriptions of the way it appears that human beings tend to understand both conditionals and the universally quantified sentences are included.

Citas

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  4. Gentzen, G.: “Untersuchungen über das logische Schließen I” in Mathematische Zeitschrift 39(2), 1934, pp. 176-210.
  5. Gentzen, G.: “Untersuchungen über das logische Schließen II” in Mathematische Zeitschrift 39(3), 1935, pp. 405-431.
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  7. Johnson-Laird, P. N., Girotto, V., & Legrenzi, P.: “Modelli mentali: Una guida facile per il profano” in Sistemi Intelligenti XI(1), 1999, pp. 63-84.
  8. López-Astorga, M.: “Mental models and syntactic rules: A study of the relations between semantics and syntax in inferential processes” in Analele Universitatii din Craiova, Seria Filosofie 33(1), 2014, pp. 107-117.
  9. Khemlani, S., Lotstein, M., Trafton, J. G., & Johnson-Laird, P. N.: “Immediate inferences from quantified assertions” in The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 68(10), 2015, pp. 2073-2096.
  10. O’Brien, D. P.: “Conditionals and disjunctions in mental-logic theory: A response to Liu and Chou (2012) and López-Astorga (2013)” in Universum 29(2), 2014, pp. 221-235.
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  12. Sextus Empiricus: Adversus Mathematicos.

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