Factores determinantes para la efectividad de la gramática explícita –  el caso de las oraciones condicionales

Goretti Prieto Botana; Carolina  Castillo Larrea

doi:10.12795/PH.2025.v39.i01.01

Autores/as

Goretti Prieto Botana University of Southern California
Carolina Castillo Larrea University of Southern California https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8461-3399

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12795/PH.2025.v39.i01.01

Palabras clave:

gramática explícita, oraciones condicionales, español como lengua extranjera, instrucción formal

Resumen

El debate sobre el papel de la gramática explícita en la enseñanza de idiomas ha sido largo y variado en el campo de la lingüística aplicada. Algunos estudios sugieren que los tratamientos de gramática explícita no ofrecen ventajas, mientras que otros argumentan que pueden mejorar la atención del estudiante y, por ende, su aprendizaje. Para investigar esto, se llevó a cabo un estudio con 158 estudiantes de español, asignados aleatoriamente a cuatro grupos experimentales y un grupo de control. Los grupos recibieron diferentes tratamientos de gramática explícita que diferían con respecto a su multimodalidad. Los resultados indicaron que la efectividad de la gramática explícita parece depender de varios factores, incluyendo la estructura meta y la complejidad de la información en sí. En el caso de las condicionales hipotéticas, el grupo que recibió la gramática explícita de forma escrita, narrada y con acentuaciones síncronas mostró un rendimiento significativamente superior al grupo de control. Esto sugiere que la estructura y la calidad de la instrucción explícita son cruciales para su efectividad.

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