Sangallo, Vignola, Palladio y la «Accademia de lo Studio de l’Architettura» romana
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https://doi.org/10.12795/TEMPORANEA.2021.02.03Palabras clave:
Cultura anticuaria en el Renacimiento, Historia de la arqueología, Teoría de la arquitectura, Historia de la Arquitectura, Historia de la humanidades, Historia de la metodología científicaResumen
Los importantes arquitectos italianos del Renacimiento Sangallo, Vignola y Palladio no suelen ser observados en estrecha relación unos con otros. Este artículo propone que los logros teóricos y prácticos de Vignola y Palladio se basaron en sus tempranos estudios de la antigua arquitectura romana en el contexto de la Accademia dello Studio de l’Architettura (activa en Roma ca. 1530- 1555). Su proyecto de corregir, editar y traducir los Diez Libros de Arquitectura de Vitruvio y de documentar la arquitectura antigua de Roma, además de todos los artefactos que fuesen útiles para interpretarla y comprenderla (por ejemplo, decoraciones, ornamentos, relieves, esculturas, inscripciones, monedas, pinturas, herramientas y maquinas), sobrevive en descripciones escritas por Claudio Tolomei en 1542 y publicadas en 1547. Asimismo, este programa se basa en un temprano proyecto de Sangallo, formulado en 1531 ca. y revisado en 1539. Algunos de sus numerosos logros se debieron a los numerosos miembros de la Accademia, que son mencionados y puestos en relación con cada uno de ellos, arrojando luz sobre uno de los que presumiblemente sea uno entre los más tempranos y seguramente más amplios proyectos académicos de los que tenemos evidencias en Europa. El artículo, por lo tanto, tiene como objetivo crear una mayor consciencia de esta Accademia, de su proyecto y su in$uencia, así como del papel central que jugaron los estudios de arquitectura en la formación de las humanidades.
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