PHILOSOPHICAL INFLUENCES AND CRITIQUE TO THE FREUDIAN THEORY ON THE HOMO NATURA IN BINSWANGER’S ANALYTIC-EXISTENTIAL PSYCHIATRY

Abstract

Ludwig Binswanger (1881-1966), Swiss psychiatrist, was the founder of the so-called «Existential analysis» in Psychiatry, «Existential psychiatry» or «Existential-analytic psychiatry». Husserl’s phenomenology, Heidegger’s analysis of the existence, and Buber's dialogical philosophy influenced Binswanger; they were philosophical grounding of his existential-analytic doctrine, which was opposed to reductionism physicalist and mechanistic reductionism of Freudian psychoanalysis and the purely natural scientific conception of mental illness. Some implications for the Philosophical Practice are developed from a nonreductionist, relational, and dialogical conception of the human being.