Ganadería y fiscalidad señorial en la Banda Morisca: los primeros condes de Ureña y el padrón de las yerbas de Morón de la Frontera (1532). / Livestock Farming and Feudal Taxation in the Banda Morisca: the First Counts of Ureña and the Grass Census in...
Abstract
RESUMEN: Desde época bajomedieval la ganadería fue la principal fuente de riqueza de las comarcas sevillanas limítrofes con el reino nazarí de Granada. En territorios fronterizos como la Banda Morisca su impronta quedó fuertemente marcada en su poblamiento, perviviendo hasta bien entrada la modernidad. De su relevancia en estos espacios rurales dan buena cuenta documentos como el que presentamos a continuación, un interesante repartimiento ganadero elaborado para la villa de Morón de la Frontera en 1532 y conocido como el padrón de las yerbas. La pieza, inédita y única conservada para esta localidad, buscaba determinar la contribución que cada uno de sus vecinos debía realizar a la renta anual impuesta por los condes de Ureña a cuenta del uso y disfrute de sus baldíos. Ante la escasez generalizada de pastos, el pago de la misma mejoró sensiblemente la hasta entonces difícil situación de los ganaderos locales, gravemente afectados por la presencia de grandes cabañas foráneas y el creciente dinamismo de las actividades agrícolas.
ABSTRACT: From late medieval times, livestock breeding was the main source of wealth for the population of the kingdom of Seville that lived in the areas bordering the Muslim kingdom of Granada, known as the Banda Morisca, and it continued to be so up to Modern times. The importance of livestock farming is reflected in the document under study in this article, where we are given an account of how farming was organised in the town of Morón de la Frontera in 1532, using a system known as the Grass Census. The document reflects the rent paid by each farmer for the right of pasture in the uncultivated lands of the Téllez Girón family, Counts of Ureña. With a widespread shortage of pasture land, this system greatly improved the income of local livestock farmers, who had been seriously affected by the presence of large non-local herds and the everincreasing growth of arable farming.
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