“Galiza is (not) a mine”: rural responses to pro-extractivist policies: Respostas rurais às políticas pró-extrativistas

Joám Evans Pim

doi:10.12795/araucaria.2021.i48.20

Autores

Joám Evans Pim Åbo Akademi University, Vasa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-364X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12795/araucaria.2021.i48.20

Palavras-chave:

Galiza, extrativismo, mineração, não violência, resistências rurais, anti-extrativismo

Resumo

As lutas contra os projetos extrativistas têm sido uma constante nos últimos 50 anos de acelerada transformação social da paisagem rural galega. Das lutas contra a mineração de carvão e calcários a céu aberto em As Encrobas e Triacastela na década de 1970 aos recentes movimentos de massa contra projetos de mineração de metais em Corcoesto, San Finx e Touro, surgiu um padrão comum de ação emancipatória rural para a defesa das terras e modos de vida frente o slogan “A Galiza é uma mina” imposta pela política do direitista Partido Popular que controla o governo. O interesse renovado em projetos de mineração na década de 2010, com o aumento dos preços dos metais, as políticas europeias de apoio às "matérias-primas críticas" e ao interesse empresarial em alternativas de investimento após o colapso da bolha imobiliária espanhola, motivou níveis de mobilização social que estiveram ausentes durante décadas nos feudos tradicionais das redes clientelistas locais. Com base em pesquisas históricas e de participação-ação, este artigo examina fórmulas contemporâneas de mobilização não violenta e explora sua capacidade de construir alternativas emancipatórias.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

##plugins.generic.paperbuzz.metrics##

Carregando Métricas ...

Referências

Acosta, A.: “Post-Extractivism: From Discourse to Practice—Reflections for

Action”, International Development Policy, 9 (2017) pp. 77-101.

Allen, R.: No global, London, Pluto, 2004.

Bernard, M.: “Ecology, Political Economy and Counter‐movement: Karl

Polanyi and the Second Great Transformation”, in Gill, S. and Mittelman,

J.H. (eds.): Innovation and Transformation in International Studies,

Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1997, pp. 73-89.

Birchﬁeld, V.: “Contesting the hegemony of market ideology”, Review of

International Political Economy 6 (1999) pp. 27-54.

Bocixa, X.: As encrobas: a ceo aberto, Corunha, Ignacio Benedeti Cinema,

Brand, U., T. Boos and Brad, A.: “Degrowth and post-extractivism: two debates

with suggestions for the inclusive development framework”, Current

Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 24 (2017) pp. 36-41.

Cabana Iglesia, A.: “Passive Resistance. Notes for a more complete

understanding of the resistance practices of the rural population during the

Franco dictatorship,” Amnis 9 (2010).

Cabana, Iglesia, A.: La derrota de lo épico, València, Universitat de València,

Cox, L.: “Studying Movements in a Movement-Become-State. Research and

Practice in Postcolonial Ireland,” in Fillieule, O. and Accornero, G. (eds.):

Social Movement Studies in Europe: The State of the Art (New York:

Berghahn Books, 2016, pp. 304-318.

Dauvergne, P. (ed.): Environmentalism of the rich, Cambridge, MIT Press,

Dore, E.: “Environment and Society: Long-term Trends in Latin American

Mining,” Environment and History 6 (2000) pp. 1-29.

Emerman, S. H. et al.: Liberation Science: Putting Science to Work for Social

and Environmental Justice, Morrisville, Lulu Press, 2012.

Evans Pim, J.: Mancomunidade: uma terra livre sem estado, Compostela,

Ardora, 2019.

Evans Pim, J.: “Indigenous and Community Conserved Areas (ICCAs) in

Galiza: Indigeneity or Peasanthood?”, in Colbourne, R. and Anderson,

R. (eds.): Indigenous Wellbeing and Enterprise: Self-Determination and

Sustainable Economic Development, London, Routledge, 2020, pp. 235-

Franquesa, J.: “Dignity and indignation: bridging morality and political

economy in contemporary Spain,” Dialectical Anthropology 40 (2016)

pp. 69-86.

Franquesa, J.: “The vanishing exception: republican and reactionary specters

of populism in rural Spain”, The Journal of Peasant Studies 46(3) (2019)

pp. 537-560.

Grove, R. et al.: “Pastoral Stone Enclosures as Biological Cultural Heritage:

Galician and Cornish Examples of Community Conservation”, Land 9(1)

(2020) 9.

Harrison, J.L.: “Coopted environmental justice? Activists’ roles in shaping EJ

policy implementation”, Environmental Sociology 1(4) (2015).

Herrero Pérez, N.: As Encrobas. Unha memoria expropiada, Iria, Novo século,

Herrero Pérez, N.: “El conflicto de As Encrobas (1976-1979). La prensa gallega

y la representación de la identidad campesina”, I/C 5 (2008) pp. 478-499.

Igrexas Rodríguez, M.: “Lume, pistolas e dinamita. Violencia social e política

no Deza”, Kcharela, Revista do IES Laxeiro, 8 (2012).

Jablonski García, P.: Tratos de favor y clientelismo político en democracia.

Dos estudios de caso Galicia y Norte de Portugal, Barcelona, Universitat

Autònoma de Barcelona, 2009.

Keeling, A and Sandlos, J.: Mining and Communities in Northern Canada:

History, Politics, and Memory, Calgary, University of Calgary, 2015.

Kerkvliet, B.J.: “Everyday politics in peasant societies (and ours)”, in Borras,

S.M. (ed.): Critical Perspectives in Rural Development Studies, Oxon,

Routledge, 2009, pp. 215-231.

Kirsch, S.: Mining Capitalism: The Relationship between Corporations and

Their Critics, Oakland, University of California Press, 2014.

Leonard, L.: The Environmental Movement in Ireland, Berlin, Springer, 2007.

Leonard, L.: “Environmental Protest in Ireland”, Advances in Sustainability

and Environmental Justice 15 (2014) pp. 63-77.

Lourdes Souza, M.: El uso alternativo del derecho: génesis y evolución en

Italia, España y Brasil, Bogotá, Universidad Nacional, 2001.

Martínez-Alier, J.: The environmentalism of the poor: a study of ecological

conflicts and valuation, Cheltenham, Edward Elgar, 2002.

Martinez-Alier, J.: “Mining Conflicts, Environmental Justice, and Valuation”,

in Agyeman, J.; Bullard, R.D. and Evans, B. (eds.): Just Sustainabilities:

Development in an Unequal World, Cambridge, MIT Press, 2003, pp. 201-

Moreno Domínguez, R.: 1888, el año de los tiros, Sevilla, RD Editores, 2007.

Nimura, K.: The Ashio Riot of 1907. A Social History of Mining in Japan,

Durham, Duke University Press, 1997.

Peet, R. and Watts, M. (eds.): Liberation ecologies, New York, Routledge,

Reason, P. and Bradbury, H. (eds.): The Sage Handbook of Action Research:

Participative Inquiry and Practice, Thousand Oaks, Sage, 2008.

Rootes, C.: “The Transformation of Environmental Activism: An Introduction”,

in Rootes, C. (ed.): Environmental Protest in Western Europe, Oxford,

Oxford University Press, 2003, pp. 1-19.

Rosman, S.R.: “The Production of Galician Space: Ethnographic Interventions,”

in Sampedro Vizcaya, B. and Losada Montero, J.A. (eds.): Rerouting

Galician Studies, London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2017, pp. 93-104

Rubinos, D. et al.: “Arsenic release from river sediments in a gold-mining

area (Anllóns River basin, Spain), effect of time, pH and phosphorous

concentration”, European Journal of Mineralogy 22(5) (2010) pp. 665-

Scott, J.C. (1985) Weapons of the weak: everyday forms of peasant resistance

(New Haven: Yale University Press)

Sehlin MacNeil, K. (2018) Let’s name it: identifying cultural, structural and

extractive violence in Indigenous andextractive industry relations. Journal

of Northern Studies 12(2) pp. 81-103

Silva, P.G.: No Rasto da Draga - exploração mineira e protesto popular numa

aldeia da Beira Baixa (1912-1980), Castro Verde, 100LUZ, 2013.

Strong, K.: Ox against the Storm. A biography of Tanaka Shozo: Japan’s

conservationist pioneer, Paul Norbury, Kent, Tenterden, 1977.

"Galiza (não) é uma mina"

Respostas rurais às políticas pró-extrativistas

Autores

DOI:

Palavras-chave:

Resumo

Downloads

##plugins.generic.paperbuzz.metrics##

Referências

Downloads

Publicado

Como Citar

Edição

Seção

Licença

Idioma

Informações