Oriente son los otros: Occidente, protestantismo e islam en el pensamiento de Ziya Gökalp
The Orient are the others: The West, Protestantism and Islam in the Thought of Ziya Gökalp
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.12795/araucaria.2025.i58.06Mots-clés :
Gökalp, Turquía, Reforma, Occidentalización, Islam, Orientalismo, ModernidadRésumé
Espoleado el acoso de las potencias europeas y el fracaso de la liberalización emprendida por los Jóvenes Otomanos, Ziya Gökalp desarrolló un programa que buscaba reconciliar las visiones asimilista y refractaria con respecto al proyecto de occidentalización y modernización. Su pensamiento fue tomado tanto por los Jóvenes Turcos como por Atatürk y es fundamental para entender la Turquía del siglo XX. Separando los conceptos de cultura y religión de la idea de civilización, Gökalp propuso una interpretación esencialista de los primeros y sincretista de la última. Para justificar una entrada de los turcos en la civilización occidental moderna sin renunciar a su cultura y religión, Gökalp presentó un relato que situaba al islam en el origen de la modernidad occidental surgida a partir de la Reforma. Al establecer un parentesco entre islam y protestantismo, Gökalp también pretendía disociar a los turcos de cualquier vínculo con la idea de Oriente.
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