¿Soberanía selectiva y nueva Doctrina Monroe? Geopolítica y extranjería en la era de los Grandes Espacios schmittianos : Geopolítica e estrangeirice na era dos Grandes Espaços Schmittianos

Guillermo Andrés Duque Silva

doi:10.12795/araucaria.2025.i59.26

Autores

Guillermo Andrés Duque Silva Universidad de Villanueva

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12795/araucaria.2025.i59.26

Palavras-chave:

Carl Schmitt, Großraum, Grandes Espaços., Soberania, Geopolítica, Estados Unidos

Resumo

Este artigo aborda o livro de Carl Schmitt de 1939, Völkerrechtliche Großraumordnung, como uma lente teórica que nos permite compreender a crise atual do discurso multilateral, a restauração de zonas geopolíticas de influência e a crise normativa do direito internacional evocada pelo governo dos Estados Unidos na sua política externa e nas suas medidas relativas à imigração e ao asilo. Esta análise adere estritamente a argumentos jurídico-filosóficos para compreender em que medida existem coincidências entre o discurso alemão de não intervenção de potências estrangeiras em 1939 e o discurso americano actual em relação a estrangeiros e outras potências. A conclusão é que, de facto, estão actualmente a emergir elementos semelhantes à proposta de Carl Schmitt sobre os Grandes Espaços. No entanto, apesar de ressoar com a abordagem de Schmitt de 1939, a política americana colide com a sua própria tradição liberal universalista e com o artifício liberal internacional que se esforçou por construir e que agora procura desmantelar. Este legado de identidade anulado impede os EUA de cristalizar um bloco cultural e civilizacional homogéneo no sentido do Großraum de Schmitt.

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